جنگی قیدیوں سے متعلق اسلامی احکامات منتخب اردو قرانی تفاسیر کے تناظر میں

The Islamic Rulings Regarding Prisoners of War: A Research Study in the Light of Selected Urdu Tafaseer

Abstract

The twentieth century CE was a tumultuous period in the history of the world. After the First World War, dozens of countries fell victim to the conflict between the great powers, losing their freedom and autonomy. After the Second World War, the map of the world was once again. changed, and many countries were able to restore their freedom and autonomy. However, despite their physical freedom, the effects of mental slavery could not be erased.In the light of the changing political and social conditions, new problems emerged and many new discussions and topics came to the fore. Among these topics, the topic of Islamic Jihad is of great importance. In this era, there was a class of scholars who, seeing the political and military power of the West and their dominance, presented new interpretations and explanations of Jihad and war. On the other hand, there were Muslim thinkers who, in the light. of the Quran and Sunnah and Islamic history, not only proved the justification of war and Jihad, but also re-arranged the rulings and instructions of war and Jihad and their principles and regulations, and made them compatible with the requirements of the modern era .Urdu Tafseeri Adab covers new discussions and topics related to Jihad and war. The present article attempts to clarify the Islamic rulings regarding prisoners of war in the light of selected Tafseeri Adab.In the aftermath of a battle between the forces of kufr (disbelief) and Islam, those individuals who are captured are referred to as prisoners of war. Prior to Islam, there were no established rules or regulations governing the treatment of prisoners of war. They were considered to be the personal property of their captors and were deprived of all rights. They were often condemned to a life of slavery, humiliation, and forced labor.Islam, however, provided a comprehensive set of guidelines for the treatment of prisoners of war. It emphasized the importance of treating prisoners with kindness and compassion, and it made it obligatory for Muslims to provide for their basic needs. Islam also prohibited the separation of families of prisoners of war and the forced conversion of prisoners. to Islam.After establishing the rights of prisoners of war, Islamic jurists, based on the Quran and Sunnah, have identified four possible outcomes for prisoners of war,Execution,Enslavement,Ransom,Release as an act of kindnessAll four of these outcomes are supported by the precedent of the Prophet Muhammad and the Rightly Guided Caliphs. In each case, the decision of which outcome to pursue was based on what was considered to be in the best interests of Islam and the Muslims. This same approach remains the best way to address this issue in the modern era.