Arslan Arif, Hafiz Mudasser Riaz, and Qudeer Ahmad. “جاسوسی کی شرعی حیثیت ، حدودوقیود اور عصر حاضر میں اطلاقات: The Islamic Legal Status of Espionage, Its Limits and Applications in the Contemporary Era”. International Research Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies 4, no. 1 (June 28, 2024): 583–598. Accessed December 14, 2025. https://irjais.com/index.php/irjais/article/view/181.